Differences In Public Perception Research Articles

Correlation research on visual behavior and cognition of impression against localized church facades in China

Churches in China are material witnesses of cultural dissemination, and their architectural forms are in the process of localization. In order to determine the optimal degree of localization of church facades as well as to study the correlation between visual behavior and subjective cognition, five church facades with different degrees of localization were selected in present study, and the questionnaire survey as well as eye-tracking technology were used to collect data from two aspects: subjective cognition (the impression and acceptance levels) and objective eye movement (the first fixation duration, total fixation duration, fixation count, and visit count). The results showed the differences in public perceptions of church facades, and the impression of participants was continuously enhanced with the increasing of localization degree of church facade, while the acceptance level showed a U-shaped change. What's more, the correlation between the impression level and the first fixation duration was found to be 0.910, the Pearson coefficient between the acceptance level and the total fixation duration was found to be 0.928, indicating that eye-tracking indicators could accurately reflect the subjective cognition of the public. Performed analyses demonstrated that eye-tracking technology would provides an important technical mean for the design, conservation, and renewal of building facades.

How do citizens define and value the rule of law? A conjoint experiment in Germany and Poland

ABSTRACT Democratic and rule of law backsliding are observed worldwide, but in Europe these tendencies are particularly salient as they endanger the entire European Union's cohesion. Poland, along with Hungary, has for years been perceived as a member state where the rule of law was in alarming decline. We attempt to understand what enabled this backsliding and to what extent differences in public perception of the rule of law can shed light on this issue. Specifically, we ask whether in Poland, as compared to Germany, the public values the rule of law less and whether it has a different understanding of what the rule of law is. Differences in appreciation of the rule of law could explain why it has been under threat in Poland, which otherwise successfully transitioned to a market economy. Interestingly, our quota representative conjoint survey experiments suggest that Germans and Poles value and define the rule of law very similarly. We show that the rule of law is valued much less by respondents who support populist parties and those who are less educated and more religious. Differences in valuation of the rule of law are determined by personal characteristics, rather than general differences between the two countries.

Unraveling public perceptions of the Sustainable Development Goals for better policy implementation

Public participation is crucial for policy-making and can contribute to strengthening democracies and decision-making. Public participation can help to address sustainability challenges and plays a key role in attaining the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While the SDGs are policy concepts, there has been limited research conducted on how the public perceives the SDGs. Public participation in scientific research has been carried out through citizen science (CS). This paper analyzes the public's perception of the SDGs through CS and how the public can participate in their implementation. The paper uses the OSDG community platform, a citizen science platform with >2000 participants, to analyze public perception of the SDGs. A set of 40,062 excerpts of text (v2023-01-01), a topic modeling and agreement scores by using CorTexT Manager software, was analyzed. The results show that some SDGs, e.g. health (SDG3) or life below water (SDG14), have higher levels of agreement from the public, whilst for other SDGs the public disagree on their perception, (e.g. zero hunger). The paper shows that issues affecting citizens' daily lives (e.g. in People related goals) tend to have a higher level of agreement among volunteers, while economic issues and directives have greater discrepancies. The results provide an overview of the differences in public perception on the SDGs and their implementation. The misperceptions regarding the SDGs should be reduced to achieve a better implementation, improve public participation, and help policy-making processes.

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS THE USE OF FORCE

The existence of gender differences in public attitudes has long been debated and it is maintained that women and men have different attitudes towards certain policy areas. One of those areas is the use of force in foreign policy. Women are less supportive of the use of force in foreign policy than men. The reasons for these differences have been tried to be explained through the impact of the factors such as partisanship or ideology; economic marginalization; political marginalization; negative responses to war casualties; feminist consciousness; motherhood; socialization; issue salience. While public opinion surveys have been regularly conducted on foreign policy in Turkey, the gender dimension is rather understudied. In this article, I first argue that there are gender differences in public perceptions towards the use of force in Turkey and I aim to explore the reasons for these differences based on two sets of focus group discussions data gathered in 2021 and 2022.

Qualitative analysis of knowledge, attitude and practice of academic community of Mataram University regarding COVID-19 vaccine refusal, vaccination obligation and cultural barriers

Background: COVID-19 cases in Indonesia has spread rapidly throughout the country, so the government implemented COVID-19 vaccination program. This program raises differences in public perception of COVID-19 vaccination, includes polemics against religion and beliefs, vaccinations as right or obligation, as well as refusal against vaccines. Methods: This is a qualitative descriptive study that focuses on knowledge, attitudes and behavior on three themes, namely obligation and voluntary for vaccination, the right to refuse vaccination, as well as social, religious and cultural barriers in accepting vaccination. This study uses purposive sampling with FGD technique in academic community in University of Mataram who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Total 11 lecturers and students met the inclusion and exclusion criteria participated in FGD. There were 11 sub-themes found. Participant knowledge is good, represented by knowledge of COVID-19 vaccination policy, benefits of COVID-19 vaccine policy and sources of information regarding COVID-19 vaccine. The majority of participants' attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine were positive and viewed the polemic of refusing vaccinations and vaccinations as right or obligation as a conditional matter. Social barrier is considered the biggest barrier to COVID-19 vaccination. Participant behavior regarding vaccine availability varied and some participants willing to help increase vaccination in the community. Conclusion: FGD Participants have good knowledge ofCOVID-19 vaccination policy. The attitudes of FGD participants showed that there were variations in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, vaccines as mandatory or voluntary, refusal to vaccinate and COVID-19 barrier vaccinations. Participant behavior varies in willingness to vaccine and some participants willing to participate in increasing vaccination in the community.

Wither Elites? The Role of Elite Credibility and Knowledge in Public Perceptions of Foreign Policy

Abstract Existing theories of foreign policy opinion formation tend to treat elites as a black-box category for members of the nonpublic. This misses important nuances in public perceptions of elites. We argue that elite vocation serves as an important source cue, signaling elite access to information and elite knowledge that can be brought to bear on that information. We use a survey experiment to evaluate our hypotheses comparing four types of elites: elected officials, academics, career professionals, and members of the media. We find that, even accounting for partisanship, people still evaluate elites as knowledgeable and credible. There are also important differences in public perceptions of elites that should be accounted for in our theories of opinion formation. These findings have important implications for the in vogue death of expertise argument as well as research on public perceptions of foreign policy and public opinion formation.

Evolution of the Knowledge Mapping of Climate Change Communication Research: Basic Status, Research Hotspots, and Prospects.

Climate change communication is a crucial strategy for addressing the major challenges of climate change, and the knowledge mapping analysis and overview of it helps to clarify research progress. Based on CiteSpace, 428 pieces of domestic and foreign literature are collected to clarify the basic status of climate change communication research and summarize research hotspots and prospects. The study found that: (1) The earliest traceable English literature on climate change communication appeared in 2000. The number of articles published has risen steadily since 2008, reaching its first peak in 2015. (2) In contrast, research into Chinese climate change communication began late and progressed slowly. The Chinese literature on climate change communication first appeared in 2009. Although domestic research generally continues to pay attention to this phenomenon, there is still room for development compared with international research. (3) The research hotspots for climate change communication are obtained through keyword co-occurrence analysis. Public perceptions of climate change are strongly influenced by political ideology. Since climate change has political attributes, people from different political parties or groups form their views on climate change through identity protection. (4) The research content on climate change communication can be summarized into the following six aspects: the development of climate change communication research; differences in public perceptions of climate change; factors influencing climate change communication; key elements of the climate change communication process; the important role of the media in climate change communication; and effective strategies for climate change communication. Finally, the shortcomings of this study are summarized and future research prospects on climate change communication are put forward from the perspectives of research methods, research contexts, and research paradigms.

Understanding public perceptions of chemical recycling: A comparative study of public attitudes towards coal and waste gasification in Germany and the United Kingdom

Despite the recognised importance of public acceptance for the success of industrial technologies, little is known about public attitudes towards chemical recycling. We address this gap by investigating the nature of public attitudes towards gasification. Gasification, a form of chemical recycling, can be used to convert carbonaceous wastes into feedstocks that can be used to produce a variety of products (e.g., plastics and transportation fuels) and is seen as a means of supporting the transition towards a circular carbon economy. Using an online questionnaire distributed to diverse samples of the public in Germany ( n = 318) and the UK ( n = 327), we assessed participants' attitudes towards gasification after exposure to a short informative video about either coal- or waste-based gasification. These countries were selected as both have advanced chemical recycling industries, but also evidence historic differences in public perceptions of carbon-related technologies. Results show that initial self-reported awareness and knowledge of gasification were very low, although improved by the video. Participants in both countries were generally positive about gasification, particularly waste-based gasification. Mediation analysis indicated that this preference was explained by a stronger positive and weaker negative affective response to the technology, as well as a stronger belief that waste-based gasification is a ‘green’ technology option that was worthy of investment. Trust in developers was identified as a direct predictor of attitudes towards gasification. The study complements the ongoing techno-economic-ecological evaluations of gasification technologies and has implications for the development of public engagement and communication efforts.

Local ecological knowledge and education drive farmers' contrasting perceptions of scavengers and their function in Nepal

Abstract There is a long‐standing relationship between humans and vertebrate scavengers, as scavengers' contributions take on regulating (e.g. nutrient recycling and disease control), material (e.g. competition and livestock depredation) and non‐material (e.g. sky burials and ecotourism) roles in society. A social–ecological approach to studying biodiversity is increasingly needed, since the inclusion of local perceptions and knowledge has proven critical for effective conservation programs and ecosystem management. We examine livestock farmers' perceptions and knowledge related to vertebrate scavengers in the highly diverse Chitwan‐Annapurna Landscape (Nepal) and assess the socio‐demographic traits that influence their perceived value of scavengers' ecosystem service provisioning (ESP) index, and function via scavenging services (SS). Farmers' perceptions of functional importance (SS) showed species‐specific gradation, unlike ESP, where only avian scavengers were perceived as beneficial. Our results show that the perception of scavenging as a beneficial ecosystem service and its importance as a biological function are decoupled for facultative scavengers and coupled for obligate scavengers. Relatedly, we identify that affluence‐related traits drove positive perceptions of ESP, and local ecological knowledge‐based traits were linked to increased knowledge of function via SS. Thus, this increased awareness of functional importance based on close contact with nature does not guarantee positive valuations of scavengers' contributions, whereas formal education did influence positive perceptions despite reduced awareness of function. Additionally, our findings suggest that existing environmental education measures are targeting the right groups, as these respondents coincide with lower favourability of scavengers' ecosystem services, but may be unable to overcome existing human–wildlife conflict. For the first time in South Asia, we survey relevant community stakeholder's attitudes towards an entire scavenging guild and their associated benefits, detriments and functional importance. Our study illustrates the varied perceptions that exist for different scavenger species and closely examines a wide‐ranging set of socio‐demographic traits that show disparate influences on farmers' knowledge of ecological function and perceived ecosystem service benefits. Crucially, these findings can guide conservation and management priorities by considering the differences in public perception and awareness of scavenging, as well as the interpretation of nature's contribution to people. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

Level of Education and Perceptions of the Quality of Services to Prevent Radicalism: A Study in Poso District, Indonesia

This study analyzes the differences in public perceptions of the quality of radicalism prevention services from the point of view of the level of education. Education has been used to radicalize and deradicalize youth. Governments in conflict-affected countries have an interest in funding measures against violent extremism as part of education programs. After the social conflict in the Poso district, the local government implemented some policies aimed at preventing the emergence of radicalism. The results of the study of 456 respondents from four elements of the population, namely the army, police, government employees, and the general public, showed that the level of education was the difference between people’s perceptions of the quality of radicalism prevention services. Respondents with high school education were able to have a higher average response than those with a college education.

Implementasi Kebijakan Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan Anak Di Kabupaten Rokan Hulu

This research was conducted with the aim of being able to find out and explain how the implementation of child protection policies and the inhibiting factors in implementing child protection in Rokan Hulu Regency. The implementation theory used is the Merille S. Grindle theory which contains two variables, namely the content of policy and the policy environment (implementation context). The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation.The results in the study show that the implementation of child protection has not been implemented properly, including the degree of change desired, policy programs, resources, power, interests, and strategies of policy actors, institutional characteristics, level of compliance and response from implementation. So that there are still obstacles that occur, namely: (1) insufficient budget in providing treatment for child victims of violence. (2) lack of human resource capacity, inadequate facilities in implementing policies. (3) differences in public perception. (4) the organization has not yet formed the UPTD for the protection of women and children which spe.cifically handles child violence, causing an overload of tasks within the organization’s scope.

Differences in public perceptions of geothermal energy based on EGS technology in Korea after the Pohang earthquake: National vs. local

This study investigated the public perception differences about geothermal power generation at the national and local levels after the Pohang earthquake that occurred on November 15, 2017. The media content analysis results indicated that the previously positive media framing based on environment and technology drastically changed to a negative framing based on risk after the earthquake. The survey data showed that the geothermal energy perception of the local sample was significantly more negative than that of the national sample. Proximity to the epicenter of the earthquake was negatively correlated with the public preference of geothermal energy. The energy source preferences among local residents showed that they placed geothermal power plants and nuclear power plants in the same category. In terms of risk, Pohang residents seemed to associate geothermal power plants with nuclear power plants.

What’s in a tweet? Twitter’s impact on public opinion and EU foreign affairs

This paper uses text mining and sentiment analysis of Twitter posts to explore the EU’s diplomatic communication practices and to measure public opinion on foreign affairs. Building on an original dataset of almost one million tweets from the past five years, this analysis reveals differences in public perceptions of the EU’s relationship with China, India and Russia. Attitudes are most positive in the case of the EU–India relationship, followed by EU–China and EU–Russia. Furthermore, the paper examines hundreds of official EU Twitter accounts, specifically their communications on diplomatic relations with these countries. A main finding is that the EU talks about its diplomatic relations in more positive terms than the wider public, though this verbal politeness effect is less pronounced in the case of EU–Russia relations.

Culturally mediated perceptions of climate change risks in New Zealand

As New Zealand moves towards implementing measures under its new zero carbon climate change act, it is increasingly important to understand the differences in public perceptions of climate change risks, as these can significantly foster or hinder climate change decision-making. While there is some existing research on a range of stakeholder views, beliefs and values pertaining to climate change risks in New Zealand, this paper argues for a more nuanced appreciation for who the ‘public’ is in the country. In an increasingly multi-cultural society, cultural differences across local population groups in climate change risk perception as well as in terms of their varying information needs is relevant to improved science communication and ultimately to improved climate change planning and decision-making.

Understanding lay-public perceptions of energy storage technologies: Preliminary results of a questionnaire conducted in Canada

‘Grid-scale’ energy storage technologies (ESTs) provide energy storage at scales, capacity and power levels necessary to support the operation of electricity grids, particularly those with substantial renewable (e.g., wind and solar) generation capacity. Public perceptions of new and innovative technologies are known to influence their commercial success, yet there is little existing literature into perceptions and antecedents of grid-scale electricity storage among the general public. In this paper, we report on the findings of an online survey distributed to a diverse sample of the Canadian public (N=1, 022), focusing on perceptions of four specific ESTs (i.e., compressed air energy storage, flywheels, lithium ion batteries, and pumped hydro storage) and the factors that influence intentions to accept ESTs. This research is part of a larger joint-project between researchers at the University of Waterloo and the University of Surrey designed to investigate the similarities and differences in public perceptions of grid-scale ESTs in Canada and the UK. This paper compliments an earlier one that presented the findings for the same survey conducted on a diverse sample of the UK public.

The Distortion of Public Perception towards the Quick Count Results in 2019 Elections

This article discusses public beliefs in results of quick count in 2019 elections. There was a problem of differences in public perception of the quick count results which caused various polemics in the community. The phenomenon occurs when people disagree to accuse fraud and conspiracy by one of the candidates with the pollsters and the media. The theory explained that there are still people who have not been able to distinguish between original news or facts and hoax. Through a media framing analysis approach, this study explains the impact of divisions among the people who perceive very different quick count results. Based on the facts or data, voter distortion in the election against the quick count results is caused by the lack of political education and civic culture for election participants in Indonesia.

Perceptions of regional inequality and the geography of discontent: insights from the UK

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the issue of whether the UK displays high levels of interregional inequality or only average levels of inequality. The question arises due to major differences in public perceptions. Following on from recent UK public debates, the UK evidence is examined in the context of 28 different indicators and 30 different Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Answering this question involves a careful consideration of the ways in which we use different spatial units of analysis, different measures of prosperity and different indices of inequality in order to understand interregional inequality, and the issues that arise are common to all countries. In the specific case of the UK, the result is clear. The UK is one of the most regionally unbalanced countries in the industrialized world.

Analyzing public opinion toward the 2019 North Korea–United States summit through mining twitter

ABSTRACTThe study aims to understand public opinion toward the 2019 North Korea–United States summit. Specifically, we investigate the changes in public opinion before and after the summit through comparing and analyzing networks of major keywords extracted from Twitter. We found a clear difference between public opinion before and after the summit. For example, we could see that the differences in public perception of End of war, peace, and freedom changed. The clear difference between Chinese and South Korean representatives can be interpreted as to how international relations and domestic situation lead to public opinion. This study shows that network analysis can be useful for quantitative public opinion analysis.

Peralihan Agama dan Kebebasan Berkeyakinan

This paper takes the topic of religious freedom. Freedom of belief when faced with the principle of freedom of religion promoted by the declaration of human rights cause differences in public perception. The formulation of freedom of religion can be understood by choosing or embracing a religion, out of a religion and no religion is the scope of freedom of religion. This also affects the law and the provision of transitional religious sanctions contrary to the principle of religious freedom which will affect the violation of human rights. The existence of clash between two interests is the author interested in discussing it further.This research is library research (literature study), with normative approach. Data collection is done by recording, reviewing and reviewing all information obtained from primary and secondary data. After the data collection process is complete, data selection, data grouping, and description process is the compilation of data into a narrative text. Then the data is analyzed qualitatively to get the conclusion.This research produces: 1) There is a difference of opinion of scholars related to the issue of religious transition. The majority of religious scholars believe that the case of religious transition into the hudud finger. This is due to the definite and permanent form of punishment and there is no chance for the ruler to forgive him. Meanwhile, according to Hanafiyah incase this transition case of religion on takzir jarimah, the consequences of death penalty is fixed and permanent, but there is an opportunity for the ruler to forgive him and forgive him; 2) For the murder of transitional people in the shari'ah of Islam is the replacement of religion accompanied by war. The war in the Islamic Shari'ah is a major crime that includes one of the crimes that disrupt the security of the state and damage the existing system.

They aren’t like me, they are bad, and they are to blame: A theoretically-informed study of stigma of hoarding disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder

There are no systematic investigations of public stigma of hoarding disorder (HD), and although there have been some studies on the public perception of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), such research has not examined three theoretically informed facets of stigma: difference (“They aren’t like me”), disdain (“They are bad”), and blame (“They are to blame”). The current Internet study evaluated these three facets of stigma in a general sample of 591 adults by comparing ratings of public perception for HD, OCD, serious mental illness (SMI), substance use disorders (SUD), and those in jail. Results indicate that HD is mostly associated with a neutral or negative public perception across all stigma facets, but OCD is associated with mostly positive or neutral public perception. Across all stigma ratings, HD was viewed more negatively than OCD. Comparison of ratings across conditions and the three facets of stigma suggest a nuanced picture in which HD and OCD demonstrate differences in public perceptions compared to jail, SMI, and SUD, some in the positive direction and some in the negative. In addition, among those who scored in a clinically elevated range of HD symptom severity, one facet of public stigma (i.e., a proxy for self-stigma) was negatively correlated with an index of treatment-seeking willingness, implicating stigma as a potential factor in the treatment ambivalence commonly associated with HD treatment.